Equities have been on quite the roller coaster in 2025. Although the tariff situation has driven much of this volatility, we find ourselves in a similar spot to where we began the year. Valuations remain high, the market is still counting on the growth of the Magnificent 7 (Mag 7), and analysts continue to expect above-average growth for the next several years, despite all the uncertainty.

The first half of the year has left investors with many questions about the path ahead for the economy and markets. Unfortunately, there haven’t been many concrete answers. Tariff announcements and trade negotiations have commanded the room. Then there is the budget bill, which includes tax and spending cuts. It’s also being negotiated at a time when concerns about the country’s deficit have grown, given Moody’s downgrade of the U.S. government’s credit rating. Last but certainly not least, the Fed has yet to lower rates this year.

Markets rallied in May, with the S&P 500, Dow, and Nasdaq up low- to mid-single digits for the month on solid fundamentals and reduced policy worries. Further, the average earnings growth for the S&P 500 during the first quarter was 13.5 percent, more than twice the initial estimates. The economic updates were also broadly positive. The April job report revealed continued solid hiring, and inflation showed signs of improvement, as consumer prices rose by less than expected.

"I used to think that if there was reincarnation, I wanted to come back as the president or the pope or as a .400 baseball hitter. But now I would like to come back as the bond market. You can intimidate everybody." — James Carville

I am a firm believer that the market doesn’t like uncertainty. That reality has been seen on more than one occasion in 2025, most notably post-Liberation Day. As discussed in last week’s post, uncertainty hasn’t disappeared—even after the pause in the trade war between the U.S. and China. One of the other investing tenets I believe in is that when things look the bleakest, the market embraces less bad news. And that reality has been evident recently, with the S&P 500 rallying more than 22 percent since the year-to-date low on April 7.

Last week was all about the Fed, while this week we saw developments on tariffs and a de-escalation with China. In the latest episode of the Market Observatory, Sam Millette and I unpack all the hot topics, including how the economy and markets might react to improving headlines.

Last week, I once again had the pleasure of presenting at a Commonwealth conference. As always, our advisors' questions were well thought out, thought-provoking, and covered a lot of ground.

April saw significant market fluctuations driven by tariff and interest rate concerns, with the Nasdaq showing a small gain while the S&P 500 and Dow Jones finished lower. Internationally, foreign stocks rebounded after initial sharp declines, resulting in positive overall performance for developed and emerging markets. Bond markets also experienced volatility, but the 10-year Treasury yield ended slightly lower, supporting bond prices for the fourth consecutive month. While there was earnings growth for the S&P 500, declining business and consumer sentiment raised concerns about future spending.

In this month's Market Observatory episode, Sam Millette and I discuss the dominating news story of the year: tariffs and trade policy. Uncertainty has weighed on markets and investors, and the on-again, off-again nature of these policies continues to change the range of outcomes for the economy and corporate earnings.

During periods of market volatility and declines, investors get concerned. They question their long-term objectives and whether they have more risk in their portfolios than they can tolerate. These are reasonable thoughts to have at times like these.